Post by rabia373 on Mar 10, 2024 23:01:06 GMT -5
Home \ News \ Innovative method for measuring energy in quantum physics is tested in an international study Innovative method for measuring energy in quantum physics is tested in an international study /August/Published in:News The experiment obtained a heat measurement in a quantum system, which is not described by any classical physics model By Júlio Bernardes Researchers Júlio Larrea (left) and Fernando Almeida discussing the preparation of the experiment for measuring specific heat under high pressures – Photo: Reproduction of the Article In physics, quantum systems are those in which the behavior of molecules, atoms, and particles cannot be described by any classical model. An example is a quantum system of spins. A spin may be defined as the quantum manifestation of the rotation of electrons (which are particles with electrical charges inside atoms). When several electrons present the same rotation, i.e., the same spin, it is said that the entire system is in the same state, which is called the quantum phase. Changes between quantum phases or quantum phase transitions may occur under extreme conditions of very low temperatures and high pressure and magnetic fields, which renders it impossible to measure their properties such as heat (amount of energy) through traditional techniques.
At the USP Institute of Physics (IF), an experiment conducted by professor Júlio Larrea with international collaboration tested an innovative technique for measuring with high precision the heat that exists in a quantum system with temperatures near absolute zero (negative degrees Celsius), high pressures, and intense magnetic fields. Through the met Whatsapp Number List hod, the physicists verified that the phase transitions in a quantum system of spins have characteristics similar to those of the passing of water from the gas state to the liquid state. The work results may aid the development of applications that require transporting energy without losses, such as computational systems with extremely high processing capacity, for which it is necessary to measure the energy retained in the form of heat. Júlio Larrea – Photo: The researcher’s archive The work is presented in an article published on the website of the Nature journal on April of this year. The experiment results show that the phase transition in the quantum system of spins, when the state change occurs, is similar to what happens when water goes from the liquid state to the gas state.
When water boils to degrees Celsius, at atmospheric pressure, we observe that the liquid changes into gas, i.e., vapor; however, in this phase transition that begins at lower pressures and temperatures, liquid and gas coexist at the same time, causing an abrupt jump in the density of the particles, called by physicists a first-order phase transition or discontinuous phase transition”, explains the professor to the Jornal da USP. “In the quantum system of spins, in which the quantum phase transition occurs at absolute zero temperature, at a critical pressure, two spin states, i.e., two different rotations of the electrons, coexist simultaneously, indicated by a discontinuous jump in the density of the spins, which is classified as a first-order quantum phase transition.” According to Larrea, in water, with the increase in temperature and pressure (to levels higher than atmospheric pressure), the first-order phase transition ends at a pressure and temperature level called the critical point for water. “At this moment, there is no more abrupt change in the density of particles due to the formation of a single state, called the.
At the USP Institute of Physics (IF), an experiment conducted by professor Júlio Larrea with international collaboration tested an innovative technique for measuring with high precision the heat that exists in a quantum system with temperatures near absolute zero (negative degrees Celsius), high pressures, and intense magnetic fields. Through the met Whatsapp Number List hod, the physicists verified that the phase transitions in a quantum system of spins have characteristics similar to those of the passing of water from the gas state to the liquid state. The work results may aid the development of applications that require transporting energy without losses, such as computational systems with extremely high processing capacity, for which it is necessary to measure the energy retained in the form of heat. Júlio Larrea – Photo: The researcher’s archive The work is presented in an article published on the website of the Nature journal on April of this year. The experiment results show that the phase transition in the quantum system of spins, when the state change occurs, is similar to what happens when water goes from the liquid state to the gas state.
When water boils to degrees Celsius, at atmospheric pressure, we observe that the liquid changes into gas, i.e., vapor; however, in this phase transition that begins at lower pressures and temperatures, liquid and gas coexist at the same time, causing an abrupt jump in the density of the particles, called by physicists a first-order phase transition or discontinuous phase transition”, explains the professor to the Jornal da USP. “In the quantum system of spins, in which the quantum phase transition occurs at absolute zero temperature, at a critical pressure, two spin states, i.e., two different rotations of the electrons, coexist simultaneously, indicated by a discontinuous jump in the density of the spins, which is classified as a first-order quantum phase transition.” According to Larrea, in water, with the increase in temperature and pressure (to levels higher than atmospheric pressure), the first-order phase transition ends at a pressure and temperature level called the critical point for water. “At this moment, there is no more abrupt change in the density of particles due to the formation of a single state, called the.